KALYAN CITY BLOG

Introduction - Balance of Payments (BOP) Theory BOP is yet another important theory of exchange rate determination. It is also known as General Equilibrium Theory . According to this theory, when there is free market situation, the exchange rates are determined by the market forces i.e. demand for and supply of the foreign exchange. This theory is based on simple market mechanism in which the price of any commodity is determined. Under this theory the external values cf domestic currency depends on the demand for and the supply of the currency. The Nation's overall Balance of Payments (BOP) can either be in surplus or in deficits. When the nation's BOP is in deficits, the exchange rate depreciates, and when BOP is in surplus, there will be healthy foreign exchange reserves, leading to the appreciation of the home currency. Under deficits in the BOP, residents of a country in question demands foreign currency, excessively leading to excess demand for foreign currency in ter...

Meaning of Foreign Exchange Market The term market has been interpreted in Economics as the place where both the buyers as well as the sellers meet and they buy and or sell goods. Image Credits © Eric Flexyourhead The foreign exchange market is a place where the transactions in foreign exchange are conducted. In practical world the external transaction requires the use of foreign purchasing power i.e. foreign currency. The foreign exchange market facilitates such transactions by performing number of functions. Definitions of Foreign Exchange Market According to Paul Einzig , "The foreign exchange market is the system in which the conversion of one national currency in to another takes place with transferring money from one country to another." According to Kindleberger , "It is place where foreign moneys are bought and sold." In simple words, the foreign exchange market is a market in which national currencies are bought and sold against one another. There are...

Nationalisation of Banks in India - Introduction After independence the Government of India (GOI) adopted planned economic development for the country (India). Accordingly, five year plans came into existence since 1951. This economic planning basically aimed at social ownership of the means of production. However, commercial banks were in the private sector those days. In 1950-51 there were 430 commercial banks. The Government of India had some social objectives of planning. These commercial banks failed helping the government in attaining these objectives. Thus, the government decided to nationalize 14 major commercial banks on 19th July, 1969 . All commercial banks with a deposit base over Rs.50 crores were nationalized. It was considered that banks were controlled by business houses and thus failed in catering to the credit needs of poor sections such as cottage industry, village industry, farmers, craft men, etc. The second dose of nationalisation came in April 1980 when banks...

Monetary Policy Reforms in India The Monetary Policy of the RBI has undergone massive changes during the economic reform period. After 1991 the Monetary policy is disassociated from the fiscal policy . Under the reform period an emphasis was given to the stable macroeconomic situation and low inflation policy. The major changes in the Indian Monetary policy during the decade of 1990. Reduced Reserve Requirements : During 1990s both the Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) and the Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR) were reduced to considerable extent. The CRR was at its highest 15% plus and additional CRR of 10% was levied, however it is now reduced by 4%. The SLR is reduced form 38.5% to a minimum of 25%. Increased Micro Finance : In order to strengthen the rural finance the RBI has focused more on the Self Help Group (SHG). It comprises small and marginal farmers, agriculture and non-agriculture labour , artisans and rural sections of the society. However still only 30% of the sasaran popula...

Newly Opened Skywalk at Kalyan Railway Station ↓ Watch HD Videos of Kalyan City's New Skywalk ↑

R.P. Mangla Hindi High School Photos Thane (E) ↓ Entrance gate of Rajendra Pal Mangla Hindi High School in Thane (East). Playground and campus building photo of R. P. Mangla Hindi High School. A zoomed photo of Mangala Hindi High School's sports playground. Main school building of R.P. Mangla Hindi High School in Thane (East). Entrance gate photo of R.P. Mangla High School when viewed from inside. Old wooden benches arranged row wise in a classroom of High School. Inside view of a classroom in R.P. Mangla Hindi High School, Thane (East) . A photo of classrooms' balcony on second floor of Mangla Hindi High School. HD Videos of Mangala Hindi High School Campus ↓ Mangla Hindi High School Thane (E) Campus Tour.

Every Man is a part of some Social Group Man is a social animal and he cannot survive in isolation. He is born as a part of a primary group which is his family and in most aspects of his life he operates as a part of a group. Being a part of a group gives him security, protection and often an identity but he also has some duties and responsibilities as a part of this group. What is a Group? A group is a small number of people with talents committed to a common purpose, a similar working approach. A group is two or more individuals who are connected to each other by social relationships. What is Group Behaviour? Group behaviour refers to a situation where people interact with each other as part of a small or large group - how they react to discussions, arguments that take place in a group of which they are members. Dynamics of Group Behaviour Dynamics of Group Behaviour refers to study of the behaviour of people as a part of a group. People gather in groups for various reaso...

Saffron / Kesar is World's Most Expensive Spice ↓ Saffron or Kesar is the world's most costly and expensive spice. It takes a lot of time, hard work and many painstaking efforts just to get few precious stigmas of Saffron. Saffron not only adds colour and taste to our foods but also gives pleasant aroma to a variety of delicacies. It has health promoting qualities one of which is that it brings a natural glow to the skin. Let's find out how farmers grow Saffron in their fields. Image Credits © Mr. Ebrahim Noroozi from FARS News Agency. Kashmiri farmer plucking violet coloured Saffron / Kesar flowers from farm . Kashmiri farmer collecting violet Saffron / Kesar flowers in a plastic bucket. Kashmiri women and farmer busy in a field collecting Saffron flowers . Kashmiri Woman helping her husband by plucking Saffron / Kesar flowers one-by-one and then collecting them in a plastic bucket. Kashmiri woman collecting cultivated Saffron / Kesar flowers from her fiel...